

Now that both temperature and leaves are falling, a gardener's thoughts turn to planting bulbs. In last April's Smart Gardener, our headline read: "Plan Now, Plant Later."
Then, our column explored two big ideas for planning daffodil beds and clusters:
November is time to "plant later"—put your planning steps into practice as you commence planting the daffodil bulbs that have recently arrived on your doorstep.
When to plant daffodils
Daffodil bulbs, like most spring bulbs, prefer cooler soil, ideally below 55 degrees Fahrenheit. In general, that occurs about two to four weeks before the ground freezes.
TIP: If your daffodil bulbs arrive earlier than cool temperatures do, store them in a paper bag (not plastic—too much moisture retention) in a cool place until temps drop.
Where to plant daffodils
Check those photographs and plant markers that you documented last spring, and ask yourself two questions about potential daffodil sites:
Well-drained, sandy loam soil is perfect for bulbs. If you, like many Chicago-area gardeners, have heavy clay soil, dig 1 foot deeper than the regular planting depth and add sand and peat moss for better drainage. If you're lucky enough to have sandy soil, add compost and peat moss: bulbs need plenty of organic matter to thrive.
TIP: If you have an irrigation system in your yard, plant daffodils/bulbs out of reach of sprinklers—see second bullet above.
How to plant daffodils
Once the soil is prepped, consider bulb placement. At the Garden, we've found that both of these methods work:
The goal is a natural look, whether daffodils emerge looking driftlike or as more "mature" clumps. Fight the urge to plant daffodils in straight, orderly lines—they simply look better naturalized.
TIP: Like little solar panels, daffodil leaves absorb sunlight after bloom, pulling energy down into the bulb for the next year's flower. Therefore, don't cut or braid the leaves, even when they turn brown: disguise them with bright spring annuals, instead.
Fertilizing, watering, and mulching
Before watering, sprinkle granular, slow-release bulb fertilizer over the planted holes.
TIP: New bulbs usually emerge about two weeks later than normal in their first spring.
Now, back to this month's headline: sit back and enjoy the applause next spring!
Karen Zaworski is a garden writer and photographer who lives and gardens in Oak Park, Illinois.