Chicago Botanic Garden

for immediate release

Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice Plant Conservation
Science Center Fact Sheet

Media Only:
Julie McCaffrey
(847) 835-8213
jmccaffrey@chicagobotanic.org

GLENCOE, Ill. (September 9, 2009)

Overall Details

  • Groundbreaking on June 3, 2008; scheduled to open September 23, 2009
  • Building area: 38,000 square feet
  • Location: Southeast border of the Garden, across from the Evaluation Gardens
  • Designer/Architect: Booth Hansen, Chicago
  • Project cost: $50.9 million, including $10 million for endowment
  • Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice Foundation made a challenge grant of $8 million for the
    building naming rights.
  • Phase I of planned 15-acre science campus


    Fun Facts about Plant Science Center Construction

  • 6,135 tons of gravel
  • 13,800 cubic yards of earth moved
  • 26.5 tons of rebar (approximately)
  • 1,520 cubic yards of concrete (approximately)
  • 3,619 linear feet of pipe
  • 108,000 bricks
  • 475 tons of structural steel, not counting decking and misc. steel stairs, etc.
  • 10,054 square feet of curtain wall (exterior building material)

Environmental Features

All life depends on plants. Plants provide us with everything we need to live our lives — the air we breathe, the water we drink, food, clothing, medicine and shelter. Careful attention was paid in designing the Plant Science Center to protect these precious resources. The following features will help the building to earn a gold LEED certification from the U.S. Green Building Council.

Clean Air
Building materials were selected to have no or low volatile organic compounds, such as paints and coatings, adhesives and sealants, carpet systems, and composite wood and agrifiber products. Segregated areas are provided for hazardous chemicals or gases with containment drains and high level of filtration.

Encouraging Alternative Transportation
At least seven bicycle racks and two showers will be provided for staff to commute via bicycle. Signage will be added to two parking spaces for "Hybrid Vehicle Parking Only" and two parking spaces for "Carpool/Vanpool Parking Only."

Energy-Efficient Design
Careful attention was paid to selection of energy-efficient lighting, mechanical equipment, insulation of exterior walls and roof, windows with low-E and high-performance glass and air lock vestibules at all entrances.

Green Roof Garden and Solar Power
Light-colored roofing and a green roof garden (16,000 square feet) will cover over 50 percent of the roof area, reducing the heat island effect. Photovoltaic panels on the roof will provide power directly to the building.

Limit Land Impact
The design limits impact on the land by landscaping the surrounding area with native plants. The 16,000-square-foot green roof garden creates additional open space.

Pollution and Waste Prevention
Seventy-five percent of the construction waste will be diverted from disposal. An erosion and sedimentation plan includes slit fencing, sediment traps and basins to prevent pollution of the surrounding area.

Recycled, Regional and Eco-Materials
Twenty percent recycled materials (post-consumer and half from pre-consumer) will be used in the building. Ten percent regionally extracted, processed and manufactured materials (within 500 mile radius) will be used in the building. FSC-certified wood will be used for 50 percent of the value of all wood used on the project.

Water Efficiency
A rainwater glen will surround the building to collect rainwater draining from nearby parking areas and filter it within the Garden’s plant community. The green roof garden system holds rainwater to be used later by the plants. Native plants will be used in landscaping, reducing the need for irrigation by 50 percent, and no potable water is used for irrigation. The building will use 30 percent less water through selection of plumbing fixtures (low-flow plumbing fixtures and valves).

Laboratory and Facility Details

The Bridge to the Plant Science Center
The bridge provides a connection from Evening Island to the Evaluation Garden, which is across the east road from the Plant Science Center. Designed as a natural extension of the paths of Evening Island, the bridge will sweep up and over the water, with a bird's-eye view of the concentric beds of the Evaluation Garden, before gracefully curving down onto the eastern shoreline. Here the path will continue along the southern border of the garden, past the sun dial in the center of the garden. Constructed of wood and steel, the bridge will be twice as long as either the Arch or the Serpentine, which both lead from the Main Island to Evening Island. It is a more complex design using plant material to soften the structure, which incorporates horizontal trellises upon which plant materials will fill out and spill over the beams. It will mirror the aesthetic sense of Evening Island so as to blend in and form a seamless transition to the Evaluation Garden. The walkway will be composed of laminated wood to emphasize the curvilinear structure of the bridge. The handrail is proposed to be steel with a bronze cap, and will be both a natural support and a structure from which to view the plantings and the surrounding landscape.

Woman's Board Rainwater Glen and Footbridge
The entrance to the Plant Science Center is defined by a 40-foot-long, gently sloping bridge that rises from the east road. The wooden bridge will have a metal railing with a sloped top rail to include interpretive messages about the Rainwater Glen that can be viewed from the bridge. Benches and planters are integrated in the bridge's design as well as indirect lighting concealed under the handrail to give the bridge a subtle glow at night.

The Visitor Gallery/Atrium
A central visitor gallery will run the length of the Plant Science Center and rise two stories to a height of 25 feet, with clerestory windows filling the space with natural light. Ribbon windows line the gallery along the first floor, allowing visitors to view researchers working in the laboratories. Science comes to life in the Visitor Gallery. It is a vehicle to educate the visitor about the work being done at the Garden. In addition to observing conservation science research being conducted in the labs, hands-on exhibitry will engage visitors and provide information about the Garden’s research programs and the importance of plants, and interpretive panels and interactive displays will provide information about all aspects of the building's green design, including energy-efficient technologies. Laboratories that can be viewed from the Visitor Gallery include (north side, from left to right) the Herbarium, Plant Systematics Laboratory, Population Biology Laboratory, Ecology Laboratory, and Soil Laboratory; (south side, from left to right) Microscopy Laboratory, National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank Preparation Laboratory, Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Economic Botany Laboratory, and Plant Genetics Laboratory.

Herbarium
An herbarium is a reference collection of preserved plants complete with important data such as collecting location and date, ecological conditions and other plants found in close proximity. An herbarium is a historical record, documenting what plants grew where and when. It can be used to document when an invasive species arrived in an area, or the last documented record of a rare plant, or movements of plants due to climate change. It is useful for identifying unknown plants and describing a new plant species collected in the field, comparing unidentified plants against known species, or determining the variability between closely and distantly related plants. An herbarium collection is also a source of DNA, which can be extracted from leaves or other plant material. It also allows researchers to document the specific plants that have been studied as part of a research project by creating a “voucher” specimen that can be used by future scientists to verify the identification of the plants that they studied. Additionally, an herbarium is invaluable for educational purposes such as training staff and volunteers in the identification of native plants, and for courses in plant taxonomy and morphology. It is also a shared resource that supports research projects at institutions from around the world. The Garden's Herbarium will be capable of housing hundreds of thousands of specimens, greatly expanding the Garden's current herbarium which is near capacity. The Herbarium includes specimens from The Flora of Cook County Collection; regional flora of the Upper Midwest; plant exploration trips to Russia, Korea and China; horticultural and native plants in the Garden's living collections; research projects; and a teaching collection of representative families and genera.

Plant Systematics Laboratory
Knowing the name of a plant not only allows one to list it, but also to find information on its ecology (habitat, flowering time, pollinators, etc.) Thus, it is fundamentally important when describing a plant community for ecological research or restoration activities or when preserving rare and endangered species to have correct identifications. It is also important to know how they are related to other plants from an evolutionary standpoint; i.e., where they fit into the tree of life. Plant systematics is the study and classification of plants and leads to the understanding of how they are related to one another. All of the research activities in the plant genetics, ecology and population biology laboratories will depend upon the work that is conducted in the Plant Systematics Laboratory, connected as it is to the Herbarium. Plant systematics is used as a basis for fields as diverse as restoration, medicinal research or historic climate changes. In addition to systematic research, activities in this lab will include the preparation, mounting and accessioning of new herbarium specimens. The lab will also be a place for staff, volunteers and scientific colleagues to study the herbarium collection. The Herbarium and Plant Systematics Laboratory combined are 1,000 square feet.

Josephine P. & John J. Louis Foundation Microscropy Laboratory
The Josephine P. & John J. Louis Foundation Microscopy Laboratory focuses on two critical functions. First, the laboratory will house several microscopes outfitted with digital image capture and analysis systems that will be used for the examination of plant anatomy, plant fossils, fungal specimens and other types of samples. A fluorescent microscope in a dedicated dark room within this lab will allow scientists to measure the ability of pollen grains to sire seeds. This close examination of fertilization is used in plant breeding and the study of plant reproduction in natural populations. The second function of the lab is found in the geographic information system (GIS), which was made possible by a grant from the National Science Foundation. Similar to GPS systems now available in many cars, GIS equipment uses satellite data, aerial maps and traditional maps to view, understand and interpret data that reveals relationships, patterns and trends. For example, plant locations can be viewed spatially, and overlay maps of soil conditions and other environmental characteristics can predict other locations where a species might occur or determine appropriate sites for restoration.

Population Biology Laboratory
Rare and endangered plant species survive in part because their population size is large and genetically diverse enough to support continued reproduction and healthy populations (e.g., attract pollinators and not suffer from problems due to inbreeding). Many factors can affect their reproduction including habitat fragmentation, climate change, plant diversity, changes in pollinators and wild fires. Scientists, interns and graduate students in the Population Biology Laboratory conduct research on how these and other factors impact the genetic diversity and thus, long-term survivability of affected plant populations. The lab will contain two environmental chambers with temperature and humidity controls, as well as a dissecting scope with a camera and computer.

Growth Chambers (Not visible from the Visitor Gallery)
There will be two Growth Chambers (one funded by the D & R Fund) in the Population Biology and Ecology Laboratory. Each room will have controlled temperature, light and humidity to grow plants for experiments that require very specific environmental conditions and careful monitoring. Approximately 10 feet by 10 feet, the chambers are equipped with bottom-lit shelving for plants on lower levels, and a watering system. The rooms will be used by conservation scientists from different disciplines to grow plants being studied from seed. Plants may be in the growth chamber for their entire life cycle, which may last from a few months to a couple of years, or they may be evaluated for six months before they are set out in the field for further study. The ability to grow these plants in a controlled setting allows the scientists to study differences in plant characteristics that might predict, for example, how the plant may fare in different environmental settings with site-specific pollinators.

The Abbott Ecology Laboratory
The Chicago Botanic Garden is actively maintaining, restoring and/or recreating five native habitats: McDonald Woods, the Dixon Prairie, the Skokie River corridor, the Barbara Brown Nature Reserve, and our 60-acre system of lakes. These activities teach restoration ecologists a great deal about habitat management that can be applied in other regions. The Abbott Ecology Laboratory enables scientists to study community ecology, water quality and other ecological factors important to our ability to effectively restore and manage these environments. What is learned will be shared with other organizations involved in similar pursuits. Activities will range from plant measurements to growing plants under different environmental conditions. The equipment in this lab will include several types of microscopes, such as dissecting microscopes and stereomicroscopes, and an automated analyzer for water and soil nutrient analyses.

Soil Laboratory and Soil Preparation Laboratory
Soil contains intricate ecological networks linking plants, soil and soil microbes. Research has documented that plants grow and survive better in soils that contain the appropriate fungi and other microbes. Proper land management and recovery of disturbed habitats depends upon our understanding of these ecological networks of soil. These laboratories will house research on the connection between soil, microorganisms and plants, how human activities are impacting these networks, and how these networks are involved with issues like carbon sequestration. Because the soil being studied contains unknown microbes, fungi and other possible contaminants, the lab must be a closed environment. The Soil Preparation Lab is the area of entry where the soil can be processed before it comes into the Soil Lab. Combined, these two labs cover 1,200 square feet in the Plant Science Center. The Soil Lab contains a fume hood, which is designed to capture contaminants that are then captured and filtered out so as not to get into the ventilation systems of other laboratories.

Dr. Scholl Foundation Seed Quarantine Chamber (Not visible from the Visitor Gallery)
After seeds are collected, they are placed in the Dr. Scholl Foundation Seed Quarantine Chamber to ensure that no pests or diseases will infect the established collection. At this stage the seeds begin the initial drying and cooling process. The seeds are separated from the fruit and examined to ensure that insects and debris are removed. The room's temperature is kept at about 50 degrees Fahrenheit with low humidity to discourage mold and other fungi. This promotes the longevity of the seed and provides safe, short-term storage until the seeds can be used immediately for restoration or research activities or proceed to the National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Preparation Laboratory to be cleaned, packaged and frozen.

Dixon National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank Preparation Laboratory
After seeds are collected and quarantined in the Seed Quarantine Chamber, they are brought into the Dixon National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Preparation Laboratory. Here, healthy seeds are separated from other plant material. The seeds are cleaned and analyzed for moisture content, weighed and counted. The room is isolated from the other rooms in the seed banking process and has an area with a fume hood to ensure that any contaminants are sequestered and filtered out. At this point, about 25 seeds are sent to the Reproductive Biology Laboratory where they are germinated to ensure that they are viable. The remaining seeds are slowly dried to 15 percent humidity and 58 degrees Fahrenheit. They are then carefully labeled and packaged in large, heat-sealed foil containers before being stored in the Dixon National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank at -20 degrees Celsius. From the field to the freezer, the process takes approximately six months.

Dixon National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank (Freezer door is visible from the Visitor Gallery)
The Dixon National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank safely houses the seeds collected as part of a conservation project of the Chicago Botanic Garden aiming to collect and store the seeds of the tallgrass prairie region flora. Between 2003 and 2009, the Chicago Botanic Garden has committed to collect 20,000 seeds from 1,500 native species across the Midwest, with an emphasis on tallgrass prairies species, with the goal of conserving prairie plants before they become further imperiled. The goal of the seed banking project is global in scope. The National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank, in association with the national Seeds of Success program, is part of an international seed conservation initiative collectively known as the Millennium Seed Bank Project (MSBP), originally developed by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the United Kingdom. This global program aims to bank 10 percent of the world’s flora by 2010 for long-term storage and conservation. Seed banking — conserving and storing species away from their original habitats — enables plants to escape threats imposed by destructive habitat changes including urbanization, climate change, invasive species, overharvest, and pollution. The National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Preparation Laboratory and Dixon National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank are 1,000 square feet.

Reproductive Biology Laboratory
For a seed bank to be successful we must know how long seeds remain viable after they have been placed in the seed bank and we must understand conditions under which seeds germinate. This 700-square-foot lab is where scientists and graduate students will study such factors as seed germination, reproductive biology (pollination), and the quantity of seeds produced by different species. Here, scientists will better understand reproductive success and population stability in a number of rare and endangered plant species. Seeds can be germinated, grown and analyzed for genetic differences and viability. Samples of seeds stored in the Dixon National Tallgrass Prairie Seed Bank will be regularly tested to see that they will still germinate, and to determine the rate of decline of viability over time. If it is determined that viability has started to decline, the seeds can be replaced with new collections. Alternatively, we may take existing seeds out of the Seed Bank, grow them, harvest new seeds and replenish the seed bank collection.

Economic Botany Lab
Economic Botany examines the complex relationship between plants and people. The field explores the cultural uses of plants to determine potential plants that could be exploited for medicines, industrial use, or new food crops; as well as to document the origin of specific uses of plants to add in plant breeding programs and to develop strategies for the sustainable use of plant resources. Economic botanists also investigate the chemistry of particular plants to assess the potential medicinal properties or economic benefits of selected species. Initial chemical screening can occur in this lab as part of collaborative research with major centers at universities and/or private and federal laboratories. New uses may be discovered from the plants we are conserving.

Harris Family Foundation Plant Genetics Laboratory
As understanding of the molecular genetics of rare and endangered plants is gained, populations of these plants and the community that they grow in can be better managed and preserved. One of the many scientists and graduate students who will use this laboratory is Dr. Jeremie Fant, a conservation scientist in molecular ecology population genetics. Dr. Fant uses a combination of molecular and quantitative techniques to better understand the level and distribution of genetic diversity within rare and endangered species. One of his projects has been the reintroduction of the Pitcher's thistle to the Illinois Beach State Park, a species once extinct in Illinois. He studies the manner in which evolutionary forces like adaptation and migration shape the patterns of biodiversity and how these natural processes continue despite disturbances to habitats. The Harris Family Foundation Plant Genetics Laboratory will house specialized equipment such as a DNA sequencer and centrifuge that will be used by graduate students, interns and scientists who utilize molecular biology techniques in their research. The Economic Botany Laboratory and the Harris Family Foundation Plant Genetics Laboratory are 2,000 square feet.

Additional Areas in the Plant Science Center

Willard and Sally Aaron Faculty & Staff Lounge
The Willard and Sally Aaron Faculty & Staff Lounge will provide a casual setting for staff, interns, graduate students, and Science First and College First participants to relax. The lounge also offers a space for our scientific staff to gather with their colleagues and exchange ideas and share their progress. Within the lounge, students and interns can interact with and learn from scientists and mentors in an open and relaxed forum. Finally, it is a place for quiet contemplation, offering a beautiful view overlooking the Rainwater Glen, as well as the Prairie and Evaluation Garden to the west. The lounge is accessed from the north science corridor.

Seminar Room(s)
One large room with a retractable door that can be used to form two smaller rooms comprises the Seminar Room(s). Classes held through the Garden and Northwestern University joint M.S. and Ph.D. programs in Plant Biology and Conservation, as well as some classes through the Joseph Regenstein, Jr. School of the Chicago Botanic Garden will be taught here. Additionally, the suite will be a place where scientists will gather to discuss their research and other topical subjects with their peers. Seminars, meetings and programs will be conducted and visiting scientists will have space to meet with their colleagues. When fully open, the 800-square-foot suite will have space for 70 to 80 people in a lecture-style seating arrangement. The room will have a conference table and state-of-the-art audio-visual equipment for presentations.

Lenhardt Library – Plant Science Center
The Lenhardt Plant Science Library will house scientific journals and books. It will include an information desk, a large compact shelving unit, shelving on the outside walls under the windows, one work table for six, two computer stations, two lounge seats and a table. The space is 1,200 square feet. The main Lenhardt Library is located in the Regenstein Center.

Hunter Family Roof Garden Staircase
At the east end of the Visitor Gallery, a "monumental" Hunter Family Roof Garden Staircase will rise to the second level of the Plant Science Center. In keeping with the feel of the building, the wood, stone and metal stairs will have an open and contemporary design with one landing. The stairs will lead to an interior space at the roof level containing a conference room and Baxter Overlook, which overlooks the Visitor Gallery and looks out to the Green Roof Garden. At either end of the East hallway, doors will allow access to the Green Roof Garden.

The Conference Room
With a view over the East Entrance Terrace and Garden, the Green Roof Garden Conference Room will be an elegant venue for meetings and small gatherings and events. The 450-square-foot space will have state-of-the-art audio-visual equipment for presentations. The glass walls will allow slotted views out to the Green Roof Gardens on the west side.

The Baxter Overlook
The Roof Garden Staircase ends on the second level at the Baxter Overlook. This area is adjacent to the Roof Garden Conference Room and also expands north and south to glass doors that lead to the walks around the Green Roof Garden. It will contain interpretive panels educating visitors about all aspects of the building's green design. From the Baxter Overlook, there will be a dramatic view back down to the Visitor Gallery, out to the Green Roof Garden and west toward the Evaluation Garden, the Dixon Prairie and Evening Island.

Josephine P. & John J. Louis Foundation Green Roof Garden North and The Ellis Goodman Family Foundation Green Roof Garden South
Crowning the new Plant Center will be two green roof gardens, on either side of the atrium clerestory. Each side of the roof is designed as a demonstration garden representing the currently accepted best plants for roof top gardening. The gardens will be a beautiful display reflecting the talents of the horticultural staff at the Chicago Botanic Garden. Additionally, each side is an evaluation garden for green roof garden plants — a site for rigorously studying the adaptability of plants on a roof to ultimately increase the diversity of plants currently used in this extreme type of setting. Plants native to this region and elsewhere in North America will be studied. The roof will be a living classroom for visitors offering them the opportunity to learn the best materials and practices used in roof top gardening and the extent to which a roof top garden can ameliorate air pollution, the urban heat island effect and nonpoint source pollution caused by storm water runoff.

Helen and Richard Thomas East Entry Terrace and Garden
For staff, visiting colleagues and volunteers arriving by car, the primary entrance to the Plant Science Center will be on the east side of the building. The stairway leading to the glass curtain entrance will be flanked by walkways along the building edged with a landscaped berm and understory plantings. These gently upward sloping walks provide an ADA accessible entrance. Espalier trees will adorn the east wall next to the walkway.

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Editors, please note: The Chicago Botanic Garden's newsroom is online at www.chicagobotanic.org/pr. For digital images, contact Julie McCaffrey at (847) 835-8213 or at jmccaffrey@chicagobotanic.org.

The Chicago Botanic Garden, one of the treasures of the Forest Preserve District of Cook County, is a 385-acre living plant museum featuring 23 distinct display gardens surrounded by lakes, as well as a prairie and woodlands. With events, programs and activities for all ages, the Garden is open every day of the year. Admission is free; select event fees apply. Parking is $20 per car; free for Garden members. The Garden is located at 1000 Lake Cook Road in Glencoe, Ill. Visit www.chicagobotanic.org, or call (847) 835-5440 for seasonal hours, images of the Garden and commuter transportation information.
 
The Chicago Botanic Garden is managed by the Chicago Horticultural Society. It opened to the public in 1972 and is home to the Joseph Regenstein, Jr. School of the Chicago Botanic Garden, offering a broad array of adult classes in plant science, landscape design and gardening arts. Through the Division of Plant Science and Conservation, Garden scientists work on plant conservation, research and environmental initiatives that have global impact. The Center for Teaching and Learning brings the wonder of nature and plants to children, teens and teachers. The Garden's Horticultural Therapy and Community Gardening programs provide nationally recognized community outreach and service programs. A program of the Chicago Botanic Garden, Windy City Harvest is an organic vegetable and plant production enterprise that provides instruction in sustainable horticulture and urban agriculture to residents of Chicago’s North Lawndale and West Side neighborhoods.

The Chicago Botanic Garden is accredited by the American Association of Museums and is a member of the American Public Gardens Association (APGA). The Chicago Botanic Garden is also host to Botanic Gardens Conservation International-U.S., and a member of the Center for Plant Conservation. In 2006, the Chicago Botanic Garden received the Award for Garden Excellence, given yearly by the APGA and Horticulture magazine to a public garden that exemplifies the highest standards of horticultural practices and has shown a commitment to supporting and demonstrating best gardening practices.